Muscle velocity recovery cycles: A new tool for early diagnosis of critical illness myopathy
Dr. Werner Z'Graggen, Inselspital Bern
Abstract (Lay summary see below)
Critical illness myopathy (CIM) is associated with prolonged stay on mechanical ventilation and in the ICU, need for weeks to months of rehabilitation, worse outcome and increased resource use. While several risk factors have been described, the exact pathophysiology of the disease is unknown. There is some evidence that systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired microcirculation, hyperglycemia, inactivation of sodium channels and immobility with neuromuscular deconditioning contribute to the disease. We have shown in pigs that muscle membrane dysfunction occurs within 6 hours of sepsis. In patients with probable CIM, we found similar muscle membrane dysfunction and provided evidence that membrane depolarization and/or sodium channel inactivation occurred. The aim of the present project is twofold:
1), to prospectively evaluate the evolution and pathophysiologic characteristics of muscular abnormalities in a porcine model of sepsis from the early phase of sepsis until the definite diagnosis of CIM according to the current criteria. We hypothesize that structural damage is preceded by muscle membrane depolarization and that diagnosis of membrane depolarization is one of the first signs of CIM.
2), to validate muscle excitability testing as a surrogate for absolute muscle membrane potential. The assessment of the latter is not routinely possible in patients.
If our hypotheses can be confirmed, the conditions leading to CIM can be diagnosed very early with the possibility to implement therapeutic steps to attenuate its course.
Lay summary
Muskelfaserexzitabilitätsmessungen: eine neue Methode für die Frühdiagnose der critical illness-Myopathie
Die geltenden Diagnosekriterien erlauben die Diagnosestellung frühestens am Ende der ersten Woche nach Eintritt des Patienten auf die Intensivstation zu einem Zeitpunkt, wenn sich die Erkrankung schon entwickelt hat und die Muskelschädigung bereits aufgetreten ist. In eigenen tierexperimentellen Studien konnten wir mit einer durch unsere Forschungsgruppe entwickelten elektrophysiologischen Methode zeigen, dass in der frühen Phase einer schweren Infektion (Sepsis) eine Störung der elektrischen Eigenschaften der Muskelfaser-Membran besteht. Unbekannt ist aktuell, ob diese Veränderungen das erste messbare Zeichen der „critical illness“-Myopathie sind und eine Frühdiagnose vor der definitiven Schädigung der Muskelfasern erlauben.
In diesem Projekt werden die Eigenschaften von Muskelfaser-Membranen von Beginn einer Sepsis bis zum Auftreten der „critical illness“-Myopathie nach geltenden diagnostischen Kriterien im Tierexperiment untersucht. Die verwendete Methode ist auch im Menschen anwendbar. Eine Untersuchung dauert ca. 15 - 20 Minuten und ist für den Patienten wenig belastend. In klinischen Studien konnte diese neue Methode bereits bei gesunden Probanden und bei verschiedenen Muskelerkrankungen erfolgreich angewendet werden.
Das Projekt will dazu beitragen die Ursache der „critical illness“-Myopathie besser zu verstehen und eine Frühdiagnose zu ermöglichen. Es sollte uns erlauben, neue Strategien für die Prävention dieser Erkrankungen zu entwickeln und damit die Auftreten dieser schweren Komplikation der modernen intensivmedizinischen Behandlung zu senken.
Progetti
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