From the investigation of the role of SRSF1 in ALS/FTD to its targeting as a therapeutic strategy
Prof. Frédéric Allain, ETH Zürich
Abstract (lay summary see below)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are neurodegenerative diseases. ALS is characterized by progressive muscular weakness and wasting caused by the degeneration of motor neurons controlling voluntary muscles. Patients with FTD experience progressive aphasia and personality changes. However, both conditions can manifest themselves in motor neuron dysfunction, behavioural and cognitive changes indicating that ALS and FTD might be related diseases. GGGGCC hexanucleotide-repeat expansion (HRE) located in intron 1 of C9orf72 was established as the most frequent genetic cause of familial ALS and FTD. A typical healthy person carries no more than thirty repeats of G4C2 hexanucleotides, while patients suffering from FTD or ALS may bear expansion ranging from hundreds to thousands of repeats. C9orf72 HRE is transcribed in both sense and antisense directions leading to the formation of nuclear RNA foci. The RNA foci are membrane-less organelles enriched in HRE transcripts, cellular RNAs, and proteins with prion-like and intrinsically disordered domains. Recent investigations showed that the interaction of the human SR protein SRSF1 with the HRE is responsible for their export in the cytoplasm and their subsequent translation into toxic peptides, which lead to c9ALS/FTD symptoms. In addition, SRSF1 was also found in the HRE-containing nuclear foci.
We propose here to unravel this network of connected events by characterizing the mode of interaction of SRSF1 with the HRE using NMR and understanding what leads to the formation of the nuclear foci containing SRSF1 and HRE. We will also investigate whether these nuclear foci could act as a protective cellular process by storing the HRE and preventing their export to the cytoplasm. In addition, we will try to identify the conditions that lead to the release of these HRE from the nuclear foci as it could be a cause of their leak to the cytoplasm. Finally, we will also try to find new therapeutic strategies against ALS/FTD by preventing SRSF1 interaction with these HRE. The goal is to prevent this interaction to prevent HRE export to the cytoplasm. We aim here at screening our in-house large library of small molecules to identify some that prevent SRSF1 binding to HRE using NMR. In addition, we will also investigate whether this interaction could be avoided by the use of ASOs complementary to the HRE or acting as sponges to saturate SRSF1 binding sites.
Lay summary
La sclérose latérale amyotrophique (SLA) et la démence fronto-temporale (DFP) sont des maladies neurodégénératives. La SLA se caractérise par une faiblesse musculaire progressive et une atrophie causée par la dégénérescence des motoneurones contrôlant les muscles volontaires. Les patients atteints de DFP présentent une aphasie progressive et des changements de personnalité. Cependant, les deux conditions peuvent se manifester par un dysfonctionnement des motoneurones, des changements comportementaux et cognitifs indiquant que la SLA et la DFP pourraient être des maladies liées. L'expansion répétée de l'hexanucléotide GGGGCC (HRE) située dans l'intron 1 de C9orf72 a été établie comme la cause génétique la plus fréquente de la SLA familiale et de la DFP. Une personne en bonne santé ne porte pas plus de trente répétitions d'hexanucléotides G4C2, tandis que les patients souffrant de DFP ou de SLA peuvent avoir une expansion allant de centaines à des milliers de répétitions. C9orf72 HRE est transcrit dans les directions sens et anti-sens conduisant à une accumulation de ces ARN dans le noyau. Ils forment des organites sans membrane enrichis en transcrits HRE, en ARN cellulaires et en protéines avec des domaines de type prion et intrinsèquement désordonnés. Des recherches récentes ont montré que l'interaction de la protéine SR humaine SRSF1 avec le HRE est responsable de leur exportation dans le cytoplasme et de leur traduction ultérieure en peptides toxiques, qui conduisent à des symptômes c9ALS/FTD. De plus, SRSF1 a également été trouvé dans ces agrégats nucléaires contenant les HRE.
Nous proposons ici de démêler ce réseau d'événements connectés en caractérisant le mode d'interaction de SRSF1 avec le HRE en utilisant la RMN et de comprendre ce qui conduit à la formation des agrégats nucléaires contenant SRSF1 et HRE. Nous étudierons également si ces organites pourraient agir comme un processus cellulaire protecteur en stockant les HRE et en empêchant leur exportation vers le cytoplasme. De plus, nous essaierons d'identifier les conditions qui conduisent à la libération de ces HRE des agrégats nucléaires car cela pourrait être une cause de leur fuite vers le cytoplasme. Enfin, nous essaierons également de trouver de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques contre la SLA/DFP en empêchant l'interaction de SRSF1 avec ces HRE. L'objectif est d'empêcher cette interaction pour limiter l'exportation de HRE vers le cytoplasme. Nous proposons ici de cribler notre grande bibliothèque interne de petites molécules pour en identifier certaines qui empêchent la liaison de SRSF1 à HRE en utilisant la RMN. De plus, nous étudierons également si cette interaction pourrait être évitée par l'utilisation d'oligonucléotides anti-sens complémentaires au HRE ou agissant comme des éponges pour saturer les sites de liaison de SRSF1.
Projets
- Nouveaux projets de recherche dès 2024
- L'importance de la recherche
- Projets financés
- Unstructured proteins as therapeutic targets for neuromuscular diseases
- Open and reproducible pipeline for the acquisition and analysis of muscle MRI data in Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy
- Dissecting lysosomal signals to fight Pompe disease
- Functional properties and epigenetic signature of quiescent and early activated human muscle reserve cells
- Activation of human skeletal muscle stem cells:role of Orai3 ans its partner AHNAK2 in physiological condition and in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Understanding the clinical spectrum associated with VMA21 deficiency
- ANTXR2 as a key player in Collagen VI signaling in muscle stem cells: new therapeutic perspectives for COL6-related myopathies.
- Molecular mechanisms of complement activation and neuromuscular disruption by combinations of autoantibodies from patients with Myasthenia Gravis
- From the investigation of the role of SRSF1 in ALS/FTD to its targeting as a therapeutic strategy
- Molecular crosstalk between muscles and motor neurons and its role in neuromuscular circuit formation
- Molecular Diagnosis and Coping Mechanisms in Mitochondrial Myopathies
- IPRIMYO: Immune-privileged, immortal, myogenic stem cells for gene therapy of Muscular Dystrophy
- Effect of RYR1 mutations on muscle spindle function and their impact on the musculoskeletal system
- Therapeutic potential of human myogenic reserve cells in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Glutamine metabolism as a potential target for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Targeting protein s-acylation during Tubular Aggregate Myopathy
- Aggravating the phenotype of dystrophic mice for improving preclinical research and clinical translation for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- Characterization of autoreactive T cells in Guillain-Barré syndrome
- A vascularized human muscle-on-a-chip to elucidate the contribution of endothelial-mesenchymal transition on the progression of muscular dystrophies
- Characterization of a novel form of ALS associated with changes in the sphingolipid metabolism
- Pre-clinical treatment of mouse models carrying recessive Ryr1 mutations with HDAC/DNA methyltransferase inhibitors.
- New aspects of TGFβ signaling in muscle homeostasis and regeneration
- Inhibition of sphingolipid synthesis as a treatment strategy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- Tamoxifen in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (TAMDMD)
- DNA aptamers against the DUX4 protein reveal novel therapeutic implications for FSHD
- Facilitating diagnosis of critical illness myopathy using muscle excitability testing
- Rapid Exploratory Imaging for High-resolution and Whole Extremity Coverage in MR Neurography
- Deciphering novel mechanisms and effectors contributing to muscle dysfunction in Myotonic Dystrophy Type I
- Can HDAC/DNA methyltransferase inhibitors improve muscle function in a congenital myopathy caused by recessive RYR1 mutations?
- Identification of the critical regulators of protein synthesis and degradation in human muscle atrophy
- Exploring peripheral B-cell-helper T cell phenotypes in the blood of patients with Myasthenia gravis using mass cytometry (CyTOF)
- Molecular signature, metabolic profile and therapeutic potential of human myogenic reserve cells
- A multicenter cross-sectional and longitudinal study of the Swiss cohort of Merosin-negative congenital muscular dystrophy
- Targeting NADPH oxidase 4 in models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- Characterizing the role of ER stress in C9orf72-linked ALS pathology
- Inducing mitophagy with Urolithin A to restore mitochondrial and muscle function in muscular dystrophy
- Motor unit action potentials analysis in patients with myopathies with a new wireless portable and multichannel Surface EMG device (WPM-SEMG)
- Role and therapeutic potential of PLIN3 in neuromuscular diseases
- Changes in ventilation distribution in children with neuromuscular disease using the insufflator/exsufflator technique: An observational study
- Mechanism and function of genome organization in muscle development and integrity
- Role and therapeutic potential of NADPH oxidases in a mouse model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Characterization of pathological pathways activated in muscles of patients with congenital myopathies with disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis
- Creation of a study team to conduct an SMA 1-clinical trial at the Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases of the University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB)
- Novel treatment to stop progressive neuropathy and muscle weakness in multifocal motor neuropathy
- Understanding the pathomechanisms leading to muscle alterations in Myotonic Dystrophy type I
- Automated volumetry and quantitative MRI to diagnose peripheral nerve lesions – translational proposal for a new clinical diagnostic imaging tool
- Novel approaches against Spinal Muscular Atrophy by targeting splicing regulators
- Protective effects and mechanisms of action of tamoxifen in mice with severe muscular diseases
- Role of the receptor FgfrL1 in the development of slow muscle fibers
- Muscle velocity recovery cycles: A new tool for early diagnosis of critical illness myopathy
- Generation of uncommitted human IPSC derived muscle stem cells for therapeutic applications
- Transposable vectors for dystrophin-expression in a murine model for muscular dystrophy
- Cardiac involvement in patients with Duchenne/Becker Muscular Dystrophy; an observational study
- Deciphering the pathogenic mechanisms of C9ORF72 ALS
- Enhancing estrogenic signalling to fight muscular dystrophies: Mechanisms of action and repurposing clinically approved drugs
- Mechanisms and therapeutic potential of modulating PGC‐1α to alter neuromuscular junction morphology and function
- Triggering human myoblast differentiation: from EGFR to myogenic transcription factors
- Improving cellular therapies of muscle dystrophies by uncovering epigenetic and signaling pathways of muscle formation
- Protein engineering in an attempt to increase the mechanical, integrin dependent cytoskeleton-matrix linkage in muscle fibers
- Muscle velocity recovery cycles: a new tool for characterization of muscle disease in vivo
- Excessive neurotrypsin activation and agrin cleavage-a pathogenic condition leading to sarcopenia-like muscle atrophy?
- Evaluation of novel treatment strategies for dyspherlinopathies in mouse models
- Cell therapy of LGMD2D by donor HLA-characterized human mesoangioblasts (hMABs) produced in GMP conditions
- In search of small molecules targeting protein-RNA complex: a novel approach against Spinal Muscular Atrophy
- Restoration of autophagy as a new strategy for the treatment of congenital muscular dystrophies
- Development of magnetic resonance methods for functional imaging of the skeletal muscle
- Targeting ER stress response: a potential mechanism for neuroprotection in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Generation of uncommitted human IPSC derived muscle stem cells for therapeutic applications
- Brochure décrivant les projets
- SEAL Therapeutics AG
- Rencontres et séminaires
- Participation à des associations faîtières
- Les registres de patients
- Le réseau Myosuisse
FSRMM
- Chemin des Saules 4B
2013 Colombier - +41 78 629 63 92
- philippe.rognon@fsrmm.ch