Can HDAC/DNA methyltransferase inhibitors improve muscle function in a congenital myopathy caused by recessive RYR1 mutations?
Prof. Francesco Zorzato and Prof. Susan Treves, University Hospital Basel
Abstract (Lay summary see below)
Defects of the calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor; RyR1) are causative of several congenital muscle disorders including malignant hyperthermia (MH; MIM #145600), central core disease (CCD; MIM #11700), certain forms of multi-minicore disease (MmD; MIM # 255320) and centronuclear myopathy (CNM; MIM # 255320). Experimental results indicate that RYR1 mutations mainly cause four types of channel defects: one class (linked to MH) causes the channels to become hypersensitive to activation by electrical and pharmacological stimuli. The second class (linked to CCD) results in leaky channels leading to depletion of Ca2+ from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) stores. The third class (also linked to CCD) causes excitation–contraction uncoupling, whereby activation of the voltage sensor Cav1.1 is unable to cause release of calcium from the SR. The fourth class linked to recessive mutations, is associated with a decrease of mutant RyR1 channels content on SR membranes. However, the pathological mechanism leading to reduced RyR1 expression and content is presently unknown.
Our working hypothesis is that the presence of recessive RYR1 mutations (as well as recessive mutations in other genes associated with congenital myopathies including SELENON) activates an epigenetic loop leading to a reduced expression of RyR1. Indeed, muscles of patients with recessive RYR1 mutations exhibit striking changes at the level of protein and mRNA expression, including increased content of HDAC-4 and HDAC-5, depletion of muscle specific miR-1 and -133, as well as depletion of miR-22 and -124 two miRs that specifically bind to the 3’UTR of the human RYR1. Additionally, the increased content of HDAC-4 and -5 correlates with a hyper methylation of internal RYR1 CpG islands. The combination of these epigenetic modifications could be responsible for the depletion of RyR1 seen in muscles of these patients.
The main aim of this project is to understand (i) why recessive RYR1 mutations are accompanied by epigenetic modifications, (ii) whether the epigenetic machinery represents a pharmacological target. In order to answer these questions we will use a mouse model we have developed carrying recessive RYR1 mutations isogenic with RYR1 mutations found in a severely affected MmD patient. We think that this project is important not only because it will help elucidate the pathophysiology of diseases linked to recessive mutations but also because it will help develop pharmacological therapies to improve the quality of life of patients with disorders leading to a decrease of RyR1 expression in skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Lay summary
Le miopatie congenite comprendono un ampio spettro di malattie fenotipicamente e genotipicamente diverse, caratterizzate da debolezza muscolare, atrofia, contratture articolari, scogliosi con la presenza o l’assenza di coinvolgimento cardiorespiratorio. Queste malattie sono state definite dalle loro caratteristiche istopatologiche come ad esempio, la malattia Central Core (o CCD), la malattia Multi-minicore (o MmD), la miopatia Nemaline, la malattia Centronuclear (o CNM). Ogni malattia congenita può essere causata da mutazioni in più geni e mutazioni all’interno dello stesso gene possono causare malattie fenotipicamente e patologicamente diverse. Negli ultimi anni avanzamenti nelle metodiche di sequenziamento del DNA hanno dimostrato che molti pazienti affetti da malattie congenite muscolari hanno mutazioni nei geni codificanti proteine coinvolte nel metabolismo del calcio, tra cui mutazioni nel RYR1, il gene codificante il recettore della rianodina (RyR1), il canale del calcio del muscolo scheletrico. Risultati sperimentali hanno dimostrato come molte delle mutazioni dominanti nel RYR1 alterano le proprietà biofisiche del canale, alterando la quantità di calcio rilasciata. Questo ha un impatto notevole sulle capacità dei muscoli di contrarsi e/o di rilassarsi. Pochi studi fino ad ora si sono focalizzati sul meccanismo fisiopatologico delle mutazioni recessive nel RYR1. I muscoli dei pazienti affetti da MmD e portatori di mutazioni nel RYR1 mostrano una significativa diminuzione nella quantità di proteina RyR1, un aumento delle istoni de-acetilasi HDAC-4 e HDAC-5, deplezione di alcuni micro-RNA muscoli specifici ed ipermetilazione del gene RYR1. Questi risultati ci hanno portato a formulare l’ipotesi che questi eventi epigenetici giocano un ruolo fondamentale nel meccanismo fisiopatologico delle malattie congenite muscolari dovute a mutazioni recessive nel RYR1.
Lo scopo di questo progetto di ricerca è di capire: (i) perché mutazioni recessive nel RYR1 sono accompagnate da questi importanti fenomeni epigenetici; (ii) se questi meccanismi epigenetici rappresentano un bersaglio farmacologico. Per rispondere a queste domande abbiamo creato un modello animale in cui abbiamo inserito due mutazioni nel RYR1 isogeniche a quelle trovate in un paziente affetto da MmD. Questo modello animale verrà utilizzato per capire il meccanismo fisiopatologico della malattia MmD e per testare farmaci tra cui gli inibitori delle istoni de-acetilasi e dei DNA metiltransferasi.
Projets
- Nouveaux projets de recherche dès 2024
- L'importance de la recherche
- Projets financés
- Unstructured proteins as therapeutic targets for neuromuscular diseases
- Open and reproducible pipeline for the acquisition and analysis of muscle MRI data in Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy
- Dissecting lysosomal signals to fight Pompe disease
- Functional properties and epigenetic signature of quiescent and early activated human muscle reserve cells
- Activation of human skeletal muscle stem cells:role of Orai3 ans its partner AHNAK2 in physiological condition and in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Understanding the clinical spectrum associated with VMA21 deficiency
- ANTXR2 as a key player in Collagen VI signaling in muscle stem cells: new therapeutic perspectives for COL6-related myopathies.
- Molecular mechanisms of complement activation and neuromuscular disruption by combinations of autoantibodies from patients with Myasthenia Gravis
- From the investigation of the role of SRSF1 in ALS/FTD to its targeting as a therapeutic strategy
- Molecular crosstalk between muscles and motor neurons and its role in neuromuscular circuit formation
- Molecular Diagnosis and Coping Mechanisms in Mitochondrial Myopathies
- IPRIMYO: Immune-privileged, immortal, myogenic stem cells for gene therapy of Muscular Dystrophy
- Effect of RYR1 mutations on muscle spindle function and their impact on the musculoskeletal system
- Therapeutic potential of human myogenic reserve cells in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Glutamine metabolism as a potential target for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Targeting protein s-acylation during Tubular Aggregate Myopathy
- Aggravating the phenotype of dystrophic mice for improving preclinical research and clinical translation for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- Characterization of autoreactive T cells in Guillain-Barré syndrome
- A vascularized human muscle-on-a-chip to elucidate the contribution of endothelial-mesenchymal transition on the progression of muscular dystrophies
- Characterization of a novel form of ALS associated with changes in the sphingolipid metabolism
- Pre-clinical treatment of mouse models carrying recessive Ryr1 mutations with HDAC/DNA methyltransferase inhibitors.
- New aspects of TGFβ signaling in muscle homeostasis and regeneration
- Inhibition of sphingolipid synthesis as a treatment strategy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- Tamoxifen in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (TAMDMD)
- DNA aptamers against the DUX4 protein reveal novel therapeutic implications for FSHD
- Facilitating diagnosis of critical illness myopathy using muscle excitability testing
- Rapid Exploratory Imaging for High-resolution and Whole Extremity Coverage in MR Neurography
- Deciphering novel mechanisms and effectors contributing to muscle dysfunction in Myotonic Dystrophy Type I
- Can HDAC/DNA methyltransferase inhibitors improve muscle function in a congenital myopathy caused by recessive RYR1 mutations?
- Identification of the critical regulators of protein synthesis and degradation in human muscle atrophy
- Exploring peripheral B-cell-helper T cell phenotypes in the blood of patients with Myasthenia gravis using mass cytometry (CyTOF)
- Molecular signature, metabolic profile and therapeutic potential of human myogenic reserve cells
- A multicenter cross-sectional and longitudinal study of the Swiss cohort of Merosin-negative congenital muscular dystrophy
- Targeting NADPH oxidase 4 in models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- Characterizing the role of ER stress in C9orf72-linked ALS pathology
- Inducing mitophagy with Urolithin A to restore mitochondrial and muscle function in muscular dystrophy
- Motor unit action potentials analysis in patients with myopathies with a new wireless portable and multichannel Surface EMG device (WPM-SEMG)
- Role and therapeutic potential of PLIN3 in neuromuscular diseases
- Changes in ventilation distribution in children with neuromuscular disease using the insufflator/exsufflator technique: An observational study
- Mechanism and function of genome organization in muscle development and integrity
- Role and therapeutic potential of NADPH oxidases in a mouse model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Characterization of pathological pathways activated in muscles of patients with congenital myopathies with disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis
- Creation of a study team to conduct an SMA 1-clinical trial at the Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases of the University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB)
- Novel treatment to stop progressive neuropathy and muscle weakness in multifocal motor neuropathy
- Understanding the pathomechanisms leading to muscle alterations in Myotonic Dystrophy type I
- Automated volumetry and quantitative MRI to diagnose peripheral nerve lesions – translational proposal for a new clinical diagnostic imaging tool
- Novel approaches against Spinal Muscular Atrophy by targeting splicing regulators
- Protective effects and mechanisms of action of tamoxifen in mice with severe muscular diseases
- Role of the receptor FgfrL1 in the development of slow muscle fibers
- Muscle velocity recovery cycles: A new tool for early diagnosis of critical illness myopathy
- Generation of uncommitted human IPSC derived muscle stem cells for therapeutic applications
- Transposable vectors for dystrophin-expression in a murine model for muscular dystrophy
- Cardiac involvement in patients with Duchenne/Becker Muscular Dystrophy; an observational study
- Deciphering the pathogenic mechanisms of C9ORF72 ALS
- Enhancing estrogenic signalling to fight muscular dystrophies: Mechanisms of action and repurposing clinically approved drugs
- Mechanisms and therapeutic potential of modulating PGC‐1α to alter neuromuscular junction morphology and function
- Triggering human myoblast differentiation: from EGFR to myogenic transcription factors
- Improving cellular therapies of muscle dystrophies by uncovering epigenetic and signaling pathways of muscle formation
- Protein engineering in an attempt to increase the mechanical, integrin dependent cytoskeleton-matrix linkage in muscle fibers
- Muscle velocity recovery cycles: a new tool for characterization of muscle disease in vivo
- Excessive neurotrypsin activation and agrin cleavage-a pathogenic condition leading to sarcopenia-like muscle atrophy?
- Evaluation of novel treatment strategies for dyspherlinopathies in mouse models
- Cell therapy of LGMD2D by donor HLA-characterized human mesoangioblasts (hMABs) produced in GMP conditions
- In search of small molecules targeting protein-RNA complex: a novel approach against Spinal Muscular Atrophy
- Restoration of autophagy as a new strategy for the treatment of congenital muscular dystrophies
- Development of magnetic resonance methods for functional imaging of the skeletal muscle
- Targeting ER stress response: a potential mechanism for neuroprotection in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Generation of uncommitted human IPSC derived muscle stem cells for therapeutic applications
- Brochure décrivant les projets
- SEAL Therapeutics AG
- Rencontres et séminaires
- Participation à des associations faîtières
- Les registres de patients
- Le réseau Myosuisse
FSRMM
- Chemin des Saules 4B
2013 Colombier - +41 78 629 63 92
- philippe.rognon@fsrmm.ch