A multicenter cross-sectional and longitudinal study of the Swiss cohort of Merosin-negative congenital muscular dystrophy
Dr. Andrea Klein, UKBB Basel
Abstract (Lay summary see below)
Congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) with merosin deficiency (MDC1A) is an autosomal recessive disorder due to mutations in the laminin alpha-2 gene (LAMA2). Recently published data from a UK cohort showed, that MDC1A is the most common CMD. (1) Affected children present soon after birth with hypotonia and severe muscle weakness. Most of the children do not achieve independent ambulation. Characteristic symptoms of MDC1A are contractures, often quite severe, respiratory insufficiency with need of ventilation, external ophthalmoplegia and feeding difficulties with failure to thrive. Some patients however show a milder and more variable course of the disease with later onset, which often correlates with partial Merosin-deficiency in muscle biopsy immunohistochemistry staining. No clear genotype-phenotype-correlation has been reported as yet.
To date treatment consists in a multidisciplinary care according to international standards. Currently there is no pharmacological treatment available, but promising therapeutic interventions are studied in animal models and recently a first therapeutic trial in this disease group, a phase-I-trial with an anti-apoptotic medication was conducted (CALLISTO by Santhera).
Little data exists about the phenotypic spectrum and natural history of MDC1A and data on prevalence differ. (2,3) In this project, we want to conduct a cross-sectional study of the Swiss patients with MDC1A, determine prevalence in Switzerland, describe this cohort with descriptive statistics and compare with previously published cohorts. With possible therapeutic trials on the horizon detailed knowledge about the natural history is very important. Therefore we aim to assess the disease progression with a dataset on respiratory function, nutrition, contractures and complications and evaluate motor function on the basis of yearly physiotherapeutic assessments over 3 years. The data will be collected prospectively within the existing Swiss NMD registry for which an ethics application has already been approved for to get a better understanding of the disease progression in this disease.
Eine multizentrische Querschnittsstudie und prospektive Verlaufsstudie der Schweizer Patienten mit Merosin-negativer Muskeldystrophie
Die Muskeldystrophie mit Merosinmangel ist eine autosomal-rezessive Erkrankung aufgrund von Veränderungen im Laminin alpha2-Gen (LAMA2), eine der häufigsten kongenitalen Muskeldystrophien, wobei die Angaben über die Häufigkeit in der Literatur variieren. Betroffene Kinder fallen meist schon kurz nach der Geburt mit einer Muskelhypotonie und –schwäche auf, viele erreichen nicht die Gehfähigkeit. Charakteristisch für die Erkrankung sind des Weiteren oft schwerwiegende Bewegungseinschränkungen in den Gelenken, Ateminsuffizienz mit Beatmungsnotwendigkeit, eine Augenmuskellähmung und Ernährungsprobleme mit Untergewicht. Einige Patienten zeigen einen milderen Krankheitsverlauf, teilweise auch mit eher untypischen Symptomen. Bei diesen Patienten findet man in der Muskelbiopsie oft nur ein teilweises Fehlen des Merosins. Es gibt nur wenige Informationen über den natürlichen Verlauf und das Spektrum des Krankheitsbildes.
Bisher gibt es keine medikamentöse Therapie für die Krankheitsursache, die Patienten werden nach internationalen Standards durch ein interdisziplinäres Team betreut und die Folgen der Muskelschwäche behandelt. In Mausmodellen dieser Erkrankung gibt es aber verschiedene erfolgversprechende therapeutische Ansätze. Zudem wurde vor kurzem eine erste Phase-I-Studie an Patienten mit Omigapil durchgeführt, einer Substanz, die dem Muskelzelluntergang bei der Erkrankung entgegenwirken soll. Um in der Zukunft Therapieerfolge von Substanzen in Entwicklung besser bewerten zu können, ist eine genaue Beschreibung des Krankheitsbildes und des natürlichen Verlaufs notwendig.
In unserem Projekt wollen wir die Häufigkeit der Erkrankung in der Schweiz definieren, die Gruppe mittels deskriptiver Statistik beschreiben und mit anderen Kohorten vergleichen. Der Krankheitsverlauf soll anhand verschiedener Daten, die während der Visiten im neuromuskulären Zentrum erhoben werden (z.B. Atemfunktion, Ernährung, Augenbewegung) sowie jährlichen physiotherapeutischen Beurteilungen anhand standardisierter Tests (Gelenkstatus, motorische Funktion) dokumentiert werden. Die Daten werden im Schweizer Register für neuromuskuläre Erkrankungen erfasst, so können die Patienten für zukünftige Studien rasch kontaktiert werden.
Projets
- Nouveaux projets de recherche dès 2024
- L'importance et les succès de la recherche
- Projets financés
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- Generation of uncommitted human IPSC derived muscle stem cells for therapeutic applications
- Brochure décrivant les projets
- SEAL Therapeutics AG
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